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61.
对比研究了货车心盘用ZG25MnNb钢、AAR-C级钢及经过表面强化处理的锻钢20Mn、锻钢Q345和铸钢ZG25的耐磨性能;采用金相显微镜分析了材料金相结构对其耐磨性能的影响。结果表明,对货车心盘用钢材进行表面强化能够显著改善其耐磨性能ZG25MnNb钢和经表面强化处理的锻钢20Mn的耐磨性较优;表面硬度高而组织细小的材料组成的摩擦副的耐磨性较好。 相似文献
62.
This paper shows that a numerical modelling method in which constraints are replaced with positive and negative penalty functions, which may be regarded as artificial elastic restraints of positive and negative stiffness, may be safely used to determine the critical speed associated with aeroelastic divergence. The critical speeds of a beam with restraints of positive and negative stiffness are found to converge to that of the constrained system, from below if the stiffness is positive and from above otherwise. A uniform Euler–Bernoulli beam clamped at the rear end is analysed using an artificial restraint to enforce the constraint of zero rotation at the clamp, and the results are compared with the exact critical speed of the constrained system obtained analytically. The paper shows that, contrary to common belief that the penalty parameter must be positive, the inclusion of a negative penalty parameter enables the determination of errors due to violation of the constraints. 相似文献
63.
基于摇臂——转向架结构月球车的越障能力判断准则 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对轮式移动系统进行越障分析时,常以垂直越障作为评价标准.但是,月球车在凹凸不平的月面上行驶时,垂直越障模型不具有一般性.为此,本文对基于摇臂-转向架结构月球车在任意路面的越障进行了研究.一般情况下,由于任意路面越障模型相对复杂,可以建立的独立平衡方程数目少于未知变量数,因此无法得到越障能力与路面参数的函数关系式.针对上述问题,文中将最大有效牵引力假设引入越障模型中,得到了一种任意路面越障能力的判断准则.通过算例分析,表明了所提方法的有效性. 相似文献
64.
在高速水洞中运用人工通气方法进行了航行体模型超空泡形态特性的系列实验研究.获得了不同通气流量、不同空化数和不同弗鲁德数下的空泡形态,建立了以弗鲁德数为参数的空泡几何特征参数与空化数的对应关系、空化数与通气流量系数之间的对应关系.验证了空化数是决定空泡尺度的主要无因次参数,通过改变通气流量可以有效地调控空化数,进而达到控制空泡形态的目的.文中同时给出了通气流量系数的实验曲线拟合公式,并与国外的相关实验和公式进行了比较,两者基本一致.所得结论对进一步的水下超高速航行体空泡形态控制技术研究具有参考价值. 相似文献
65.
66.
Modeling of terrain impact caused by tracked vehicles 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Analytical models that can predict the terrain impact caused by tracked vehicles on a horizontal plane were developed and tested. The models included a disturbed width model and an impact severity model. Inputs of the terrain impact models included vehicle static properties, vehicle dynamic properties, and terrain properties. The tested vehicles included an M1A1 tank, an M577 Armored Personal Carrier (APC), and an M548 cargo carrier. The models were verified with field tests conducted in Yakima Training Center in Yakima, WA, Fort Riley, KS, and Camp Atterbury, Indiana. The average percentage errors of the disturbed width model for the M1A1, M577, and the M548 were 10.0%, 27.3%, and 8.5%, respectively. The average percentage errors of the impact severity model of the M1A1 and M577 were 25.0% and 21.4%, respectively. 相似文献
67.
This paper reports results of experiments in which a steadystate nonuniform supercritical openchannel flow was suddenly blocked by a rapidly falling gate at a downstream distance of about one hundred critical depths. This results in a hydraulic jump propagating upstream. Experimental data on the shape, height, and propagation speed of its leading front are given. It is shown that the parameters of the jump differ significantly from the values found using a quasistationary approach. 相似文献
68.
Wei Tong 《Experimental Mechanics》2004,44(5):502-511
A technique using a single CCD camera, a precision rotation/translation stage, a telecentric zoom lens, and digital image
correlation software is described for measuring surface profiles and surface plastic strain distributions of a bent thin sheet.
The measurement principles, based on both parallel and pinhole perspective projections, are outlined and the relevant mathematical
equations for computing the profiles and displacement fields on a curved surface are presented. The typical optical setup
as well as the experimental measurement and digital image correlation analysis procedure are described. The maximum errors
in the in-plane and out-of-plane coordinates or displacements are about ±5 and ±25 μm, respectively, and the maximum errors
in surface strain mapping are about 0.1% or less based on a series of evaluation tests on flat and curved sample surfaces
over a physical field of view of 15.2 × 11.4 mm2. As an application example, the shape and surface plastic strain distribution example, the shape and surface plastic strain
distributions around a bent apex of a flat 2 mm thick automotive aluminum AA5182-O sheet, which underwent a 90° bend with
three bend ratios of 2t, 1t, and 0.6t, are determined using the proposed technique. 相似文献
69.
球-盘微动摩擦件磨损体积的测量与计算 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
一般地说,由于微动磨损量很小,测定非常困难,所得结果的误差通常都相当大.尽管几十年来人们对微动磨损进行了好些研究,然而至今却还没有建立起统一而完善的微动磨损量的测量和计算方法,以至很难对试验结果进行定量比较.因此,根据SRV微动磨损试验机的工作原理,利用几何和数学分析手段提出了一种能够比较精确地测量和计算球-盘接触型微动摩擦件磨损量的方法,并且利用不同的模型对计算方法进行简化,从而得出了球和盘的磨损体积计算公式。只要借助轮廓仪和读数显微镜测量出有关参数,就可以比较精确地计算出球和盘的微动磨损体积,为了验证这种计算方法的实用性和可靠性,还进行了52100钢对不同含钨量的Ni-W合金镀层的SRV微动磨损试验,测量结果与计算结果具有较好的一致性,由此可见,根据所提计算方法得到的计算结果,不仅可以增强SRV试验机测试结果的可比性,也为利用这种试验机深入开展微动磨损研究提供了参照依据。 相似文献
70.
Kinetics of deformation and fracture of nickel–iron alloy Inconel 718 under dynamic shear loading was measured using a split
torsional Hopkinson bar facility and high-speed photography. Tubular specimens with a reduced gage length and a starter notch
were sheared at strain rates up to 6 × 103 s−1. High-speed photographs of fiducial lines scribed on the specimen surface showed the development of local strains and cracking.
This paper describes the experimental and analytical procedures, illustrates average and local plastic strain evolution, and
presents shear crack initiation times and propagation speeds. 相似文献